PURPOSE The aim of this study was to examine the background and improvement of the reformed premedical curriculum in Seoul National University and to analyze in which it corresponds with its intentions. It gives implications to premedical curriculum through its development model.
METHODS The background and improvement of the reformed premedical curriculum was analyzed through several reports from those of associated committees. The development model of the reformed curriculum was made in order to examine correspondence with the intentions of its reformation.
RESULTS The graduate credit increased while compulsory credit was in decrease which leads to the elimination of standardized education based on the natural sciences. The requirements in compulsory liberal arts and elective major subjects were suggested in order to develop students' perspectives in humanities.
CONCLUSION As premed is a preliminary course before studying medicine, premedical curriculum should reflect the needs of those parties concerned-society, professors, students, etc.- and be based on core values and educational philosophy of the school in order to derive its competences.
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PURPOSE This study aimed to develop a new course for Konyang University College of Medicine freshmen to motivate them with regard to their vision and medical professionalism and experience various learning methods of medical education.
METHODS The course was developed by 4 faculty members through several intensive meetings throughout the winter of 2010. A 4-credit course was designed for 61 freshmen of Konyang University College of Medicine to provide structured guidance and an introduction to their medical education and increase their motivation with regard to their studies and school life. The course lasted for 4 weeks (February 28 to March 25), and every session of the program was evaluated by the students.
RESULTS The 'motivation induction course' consisted of the following sessions: university-wide: 'leadership camp' and 'special lectures for future vision;' college-wide: 'major immersion session,' 'Enneagram workshop,' 'STRONG workshop,' 'medical professionalism,' and 'team-based learning.' The group results were presented in a poster and by oral presentation and were awarded prizes for the best performance. Special features included: group discussion session on medical ethics, which used scenarios that were developed by a medical humanity course committee and visiting all departments and mentors of the medical college to fulfill their curiosity of their future major or workplace. Overall, the course was evaluated as satisfactory (M=4.22, SD=0.81).
CONCLUSION Although there was some dissatisfaction, the overall experience of the "motivation induction course" was a success. The course will continue to be valuable for freshmen in adapting to medical school and its culture and in defining one's view of a good doctor.
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PURPOSE We did this study to find out the current teaching status of the medical humanities and social sciences curriculum in Korean medical schools. Further, we discuss the tasks at hand to improve the curriculum in medical education. METHODS: The curricula of 41 medical schools and the syllabi of 10 schools were examined. We analyzed the tables of course organization and contents of integrated medical humanities. After analysis of the contents, they were grouped into 6 categories of medical humanities and social sciences domain. RESULTS: Our results are as follow: 1) there are 3 types of medical humanities and social sciences subject forms: inter-disciplinary (integrated, for example, PDS), multi-disciplinary (separated subject form), and mixed (integrated+separated); 2) most schools offer medical humanities and social sciences in a required class; 3) medical humanities and social sciences are taught through all school years and all 8 graduate medical schools offer a medical humanities and social sciences course from year 1; and 4) the average academic credits for medical humanities are 10 or 11. With respect to the curriculum content, there is some commonality in 10 schools: disease prevention, health improvement, medical ethics, medical regulation, professionalism, and community medicine. Differences were seen in content selection and organization. CONCLUSION: After brief reviews of the medical humanities and social science curriculums, we discovered that all Korean medical schools meet the need of medical humanities and social sciences education. However, curriculum implementation differed in various ways. We suggest the following tasks: 1) clarification of educational goals in order to develop a core curriculum of medical humanities and social sciences in Korea; 2) sharing experiences of developing a well-designed curriculum with other medical schools for effective teaching of this subject area.
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PURPOSE Recently, researchers at medical schools have shown increasing interest in developing a curriculum for medical humanities and improving 'humanity' in existing curriculums.
This study introduces the process of developing the 'doctor & leadership' curriculum at K University from 2002. The results of the three-year implementation were analyzed. The effectivenessof the curriculum development is discussed.
METHODS The curriculum development followed the ADDIE model. A sixteen-week curriculum with three subjects was developed. The main methods of instruction were self-regulation learning and collaboration learning. The instruction method was a blended learning approach composed of both on-line and off-line instructions. Students were assessed through a portfolio assessment. 'Leadership self-assessment' and 'satisfaction index' of the overall curriculum were measured.
RESULTS The results on pre- and post- leadership self-assessment shows that leadership increased significantly after the learning process. Of the 4 sub-factors of the satisfaction index, the satisfaction indices on the blended learning, professor-student interaction, and instruction design had the greatest influence on the total satisfaction index (p<.001) CONCLUSION: Our outcome indicates that the 'doctor & leadership' curriculum is significantly effective. And generally, to increase the satisfaction index of courses, collaboration learning based on team projects and blended learning, as well as, professor-student interaction are helpful in encouraging the application of skills.
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PURPOSE This paper reports on the development a program to foster 'good doctors' who care for their patients with humanism and self-directed learning ability.
METHODS In order to develop the program, Korea University College of Medicine established educational committees. In collaboration, these committees discussed the direction for curriculum reorganization, performed a needs analysis of specified programs, and built realistic strategies for program management. Based upon the needs analyses, through literature review and survey studies, committee discussions and benchmarking of other medical schools, three programs were developed for rearing humanism and self-directed learning ability in medical students were developed: Service learning by experiential learning; Doctoring by small group activities; and Communication skills program by various small group activities.
RESULTS The evaluation by the pre-medical students who participated in the service learning program for one week reveals that through service learning, pre-medical students had an opportunity to obtain the attitudes that encompass the sanctity and dignity of human life and an understanding of cultural, social and religious customs and beliefs that differ from his or her own. In addition, the pre-medical students came to realize that patients' most difficult problems might be caused by non-medical factors as well as medical factors.
CONCLUSION It is needed to grope for the way that leads the active participation of students in the continuous linkage of substantial post-work evaluation and next learning of volunteering in order to make the program of educating the public spirit more than self-learning of experience.
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PURPOSE To establish a medical informatics curriculum for premedical students. METHODS: The author conducted a questionnaire survey on 202 second year premedical students from two medical schools, one in Seoul and one in Asan. The chi-square test was used to do a statistical analysis comparison of the results from these two school groups. In addition, the reliability test was used for the questionnaire' s reliability. RESULTS: The results of the survey show that computer skills in second year premedical students differ by gender. The results also indicate that differences exist between the two schools, as the curriculums of the freshman year differ between the schools.
Moreover, it is observed that more than 60 percent of the subjects have difficulties dealing with complicated problems such as fixing or replacing hardware. CONCLUSION: The survey was conducted to assess the level of computer skills in premedical students at two medical schools. Through careful analysis of this survey, we were able to define the necessary level of computer skills required in premedical students in the Medical Informatics curriculum.
The curriculum reform was undertaken at Kyungpook National University School of Medicine (KNUSM) to meet new educational objective s in order to cope with a rapid societal changes anticipated occurring in 21st century. The KNUSM Curriculum Development Committee was charged to formulate a new curriculum, which consisted of enhancement of patient-centered care based clerkship, integrated courses based on organ systems, problem-based learning, and additional teaching on social medicine, medical informatics and biomedical engineering. The philosophy of this curricular reform has been to modify methods of teaching medical students toward self-directed learning and student-centered. This whole concept was a drastic departure from the traditional lecturing.
In the new curriculum, total of 180 credit courses, 4395 hours to graduate medical school were reduced to 170 credit courses, 4250 hours. As a part of the social medicine course, a 2 credit-hour course on patient-doctor relationship was taught and two credit-hour PBL tutorials were added to freshman, sophomore and junior years. In order to carry out this education reform, three new departments were inaugurated such as Biomedical Engineering, Medical Informatics and Medical Education. The school facility has also been improved during this preparatory period.
The new curriculum has been implemented in 1999 academic year after approximately 4 years of preparatory period and annual faculty workshops have been held to monitor the progress of the reform and improve courses by evaluating impact of the change on both faculty members and students as well. The interim evaluation revealed several issues remained to be resolved.
In conclusion, the acceptance of this reform was excellent from both faculty members and students although there have been continuous problem solving and adjustments necessary.
The real assessment of the outcome of the reform requires many years to come and there has to be continuous monitoring of the progress and adjustment of curriculum are the pivotal of a success of the sort of education reform.
Authors developed "Seminar on Introduction to Medicine", a premedical course program which was characterized by integration of both humanistic/basic science subjects minimally touched to the forthcoming medical disciplines in Kosin University College of Medicine. The program was established aiming for effective motivation of students during the premedical course relevant enough to promote general studies leading to the medical ones aside from upgrading of their interest to the general studies prior to advance to the medical school program. The program included 14 subjects which were derived from the common socio-medical issues with scientific/humanistic background which encouraged students' active involvement in learning process by small group discussion. The immediate feedback from both faculty members and students were accepted among both students and faculties, but it required an further effort to adjust the overloading of the discussion contents and study hours among the passive learners unless otherwise independent from the discipline-centered curriculum.
The purposes of this study were to survey the present state and problems related to curriculum and clinical clerkship of diagnostic radiology and to find out alternatives for the improvement of curriculum design in diagnostic radiology.
The results of this study are as following: First, 43.3% out of professors, 70.6% out of residents and 69.4% out of students reply that they don't attain the objective s of classwork, although they finish all their classwork successfully.
Second, most of them reply that classwork is oriented by professors and least participated in by students.
Third, PBL(Problem-based Learning) by small group is very effective to learning.
Fourth, the reasons why clinical clerkship isn't systematic are that there aren't professors-in-charge of clinical clerkship and that the schedule of clinical clerkship is irregular.
Fifth, students' participation in clinical clerkship is not substantial participation, such as interpretation and procedure, but simple observation.
Based on these results the points which the improvement is called for are as follows: First, professors must achieve the objective s of classwork by thorough analysis on those within limited class hours.
Second, it is desirable that they apply learning methods to improve students' thinking by small group activities to their classwork.
Third, professors-in-charge of clinical clerkship are surely needed.
The study has its focus on the advanced thinking ability of the students such as thinking power, judgement and problem solving which are highly in demand today. The subject of the study were fifty-four freshmen from the department of medicine whom were in their second term.
Five modules were developed and selected as the immune system according to the field of curriculum which the students were currently on. This was because the subject students were attending the study separately from the regular curriculum, imposing the least burden but showing the best efficiency of learning.
The result of the study shows the students' attendance, problem understanding, preparation and learning as a group were very outstanding. In addition, the modules were a joint development by the professors in Clinical Medicine, understanding a strong liaison between Basic Science Medicine and Clinical Medicine.
Based on these results, the development on the problem-based learning should continue and the switchover to a regular curriculum should also be examined in depth.
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