It is still not unusual to find an inapporpriate selection of presentation/discussion method not only in academic congress but also in medical school settings. The difficulty is partly reflection the cultural difference in oriental countries where peoples in Chinese letter-culture territories including Korea, Japan, and China compared to the western world, are accustomed to develop their compen tencies by reading rather than discussion or other oral presentation. In this paper I describe various methods of presentation and small groups discussion techniques in academic congress and teaching/learning process in medical school. Included are the purpose, characteristics, advantages and limitations in each major method such as symposium, panel discussion, workshop and forum required for adequate selection to meet the purpose of the meeting. Informations related to group dynamics and appropriate operational procedure for each technique are added.
